Remote I-9 Verification and the DHS Alternative Procedure Explained

Remote work changed where employees get hired, but it did not change an employer’s Form I-9 obligations.

remote i-9 verification

For employers with distributed teams, remote I-9 verification can make onboarding easier without requiring every new hire to meet an HR representative in person. But it is not as simple as asking an employee to hold up documents on Zoom.

Remote I-9 verification is allowed only under specific conditions. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) calls this process the “alternative procedure,” and it is available only to qualifying employers that participate in E-Verify and remain in good standing.

Used correctly, remote I-9 verification can be a compliant and efficient way to support modern hiring. Used casually, it can create avoidable audit risk.

  1. What is Remote I-9 Verification?
  2. Who Can Use Remote I-9 Verification?
  3. The 5-Step Remote I-9 Verification Checklist
  4. Common Remote I-9 Mistakes to Avoid
  5. 常见问题

What is Remote I-9 Verification?

Remote I-9 verification is the DHS-authorized process that allows eligible employers to examine Form I-9 identity and employment authorization documents over live video instead of reviewing them in person.

This option became permanent on August 1, 2023, after the temporary COVID-era remote inspection flexibilities ended. But the permanent process is narrower than the pandemic-era flexibility. Employers cannot use remote I-9 verification simply because an employee works remotely.

The alternative procedure only changes how documents are examined. It does not change:

  • Which documents employees may present
  • The Lists of Acceptable Documents
  • The deadline for completing Section 2
  • The obligation to reverify expiring work authorization when required
  • The employer’s responsibility for Form I-9 accuracy

Employees still choose which acceptable documents to present. Employers still must determine whether those documents reasonably appear to be genuine and relate to the employee.

Who Can Use Remote I-9 Verification?

Only employers that are enrolled in E-Verify and in good standing may use the alternative procedure.

That means the employer must be enrolled in E-Verify at the hiring site using remote I-9 verification and must follow E-Verify program requirements, including timely case creation and proper handling of Tentative Nonconfirmations, or TNCs.

Employers that are not enrolled in E-Verify, or that are not in good standing, must examine original documents in person. They may do that directly, through an authorized representative, or through another compliant in-person process.

Enrollment also has to be active at the time the employer uses remote I-9 verification. Enrolling in E-Verify later does not retroactively fix an I-9 that was completed remotely when the employer was not eligible to use the alternative procedure.

The Remote I-9 Verification Checklist

Employers using the alternative procedure should build a clear, repeatable workflow around these core steps.

  1. Receive Clear Copies of the Employee’s Documents

    Before the live video examination, the employee must transmit clear copies of the documents they plan to present for Form I-9. These copies may be sent by email, fax, secure upload, or another method that allows the employer to review and retain legible copies.

    The timing matters. The employer should receive the copies before the live video interaction and early enough to complete Section 2 by the required deadline, generally no later than the third business day after the employee begins work for pay.

  2. Conduct a Live, Interactive Video Examination

    The employer must then conduct a live video interaction with the employee. This cannot be a pre-recorded video, screen recording, or asynchronous upload.

    During the call, the employee presents the same documents they already transmitted. The employer compares the documents shown on video against the copies received and determines whether they reasonably appear genuine and relate to the employee.

    A general onboarding call is not enough by itself. If the document review happens during a broader onboarding meeting, the verifier should still conduct a clear and intentional Form I-9 document examination during that live interaction.

  3. Complete Form I-9 Correctly

    For new hires, the employer must complete Section 2 and check the box indicating that the alternative procedure was used.

    For reverification or rehire situations completed in Supplement B, the employer should mark the corresponding alternative procedure box when remote examination is used.

    This checkbox is easy to miss, but it matters. It is the employer’s record that documents were examined under the DHS-authorized remote process rather than through physical inspection.

  4. Retain Copies of Every Document

    Employers using remote I-9 verification must retain clear and legible copies of the documents the employee presented. If a document is two-sided, retain copies of both the front and back.

    This retention requirement applies to employees whose documents were examined remotely under the alternative procedure. Employers should store these copies with the Form I-9 record or in a system that allows them to be produced during an audit.

  5. Create the E-Verify Case

    Remote I-9 verification does not replace E-Verify. E-Verify participation is the prerequisite for using the alternative procedure, and the employer must still create an E-Verify case according to program requirements.

Common Remote I-9 Mistakes to Avoid

The most common remote I-9 mistakes are usually process problems, not one-off accidents.

One common issue is using remote verification without confirming E-Verify eligibility. The alternative procedure is not available to every remote employer. It is available only to qualifying E-Verify employers in good standing.

Another common mistake is reversing the order of the process. The employer should receive and review copies of the documents before the live video interaction, not after.

Employers also run into trouble when they treat remote I-9 verification like a casual video check. The live call must include a real-time review of the documents, with the employee presenting the same documents that were previously transmitted.

Finally, many employers miss retention details. If a document is two-sided, both sides should be retained. Relying on individual reviewers to remember that step can create inconsistency, especially in high-volume hiring environments.

常见问题

Can employers use remote i-9 verification for some employees and not others?
Yes, but consistency matters. A qualified employer may choose to use the alternative procedure at some E-Verify hiring sites and physical inspection at others. Employers may also use remote I-9 verification for remote hires while continuing physical inspection for employees who work onsite or in a hybrid role. However, the process cannot be applied in a discriminatory way. Employers should not decide who receives remote verification based on citizenship, immigration status, national origin, or another protected characteristic. The safest approach is to document when and where the organization uses remote I-9 verification, train reviewers on that policy, and apply it consistently.
Does an authorized representative change the rules?
No. Employers may use an authorized representative to complete Form I-9 on their behalf, but the employer remains responsible for any errors. If an authorized representative completes remote I-9 verification, they must follow the same alternative procedure requirements: receive copies, conduct the live video review, complete the correct fields, mark the alternative procedure box, and retain required document copies.
Can a third party complete remote I-9 verification on our behalf?
Yes, through an authorized representative of the employer. The representative has to follow all four required steps, and the employer remains liable for any errors the representative makes. That means third-party support can help with execution, but it does not transfer compliance responsibility away from the employer.
What happens if our E-Verify enrollment lapses between hires?
Enrollment has to be active at the time each I-9 is completed using the alternative procedure. A lapse, even a brief one, means the alternative procedure was not available for I-9s completed during that gap. Those I-9s should be reviewed and remediated promptly, which may include completing an in-person physical document examination and annotating the correction. Employers should not assume later remediation eliminates exposure for having used the alternative procedure when they were not eligible.
Is remote I-9 verification mandatory for employers?
No. Using the alternative procedure is optional even for eligible E-Verify employers. An employer can choose in-person examination, the alternative procedure, or a mix across different hiring sites, as long as the choice is consistent within the hiring site and does not create discriminatory treatment. Employers must also allow employees who are unable or unwilling to use the alternative procedure to complete physical document examination instead.

The Bottom Line on Remote I-9 Verification

Remote I-9 verification gives eligible employers a compliant way to support distributed hiring, but only when the alternative procedure is followed correctly.

That means confirming E-Verify eligibility, receiving document copies before the live video call, conducting a real-time document review, checking the correct Form I-9 box, retaining required copies, and applying the process consistently.

For employers hiring across locations, those steps should not live in someone’s memory. They should be built into the onboarding workflow.

Teams that want a second set of eyes on their remote I-9 process can walk through it with Mitratech’s I-9 Readiness Walkthrough, a free 30-minute session covering common gaps like the ones above.